The GENESIS Duplex

The GENESIS Duplex

Case study

Dulux Acratex Delivers Technical Expertise for a historic first for the Australian construction industry, Australia's First 3D-Printed Home

Project Overview

Location

Sydney, NSW

Project Type

Residential Housing

Works

Coating system for 3D printed concrete house

Details

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The GENESIS duplex, located in Woolooware, NSW, is not just a building; it is a historic first for the Australian construction industry, representing Australia's first full-scale 3D printed residential building. This cutting-edge duplex, developed by Contour3D, was designed to demonstrate how 3D printing technology can tackle housing shortages without compromising design.

The project's ground floor walls were constructed entirely by 3D concrete printing, showcasing the potential for faster build times, less construction waste, design freedom, and higher thermal energy ratings.

The structure featured walls extruded using a specialised mix of ContourCrete®, a proprietary mix comprising locally sourced aggregates, cementitious materials (cement and 30% fly ash), and Contour3D’s specialised “Pixie Dust” admixture blend. This combination was designed to create robust durable walls but presented a unique technical challenge for surface protection and controlled curing.

Controlling Hydration and Protecting a Unique Substrate

The core challenge lay in the specific composition and curing behaviour of the 3D printed material. While the cement and 30% fly ash components produce a dense and durable substrate, the differential hydration and pozzolanic reaction rates between the two constituents create challenges in controlling the drying and curing behaviour of the printed walls. The primary objective was to specify a coating solution that would effectively seal the surface to prevent premature dry-out, assisting with controlled curing. Furthermore, the system needed to achieve a sufficient film build and uniform finish without compromising the unique, textured look of the extrusion.

Key Highlights

Contour3D’s Australian-designed and manufactured OPUS printer was used, constructing walls totalling an area of 1310m2. 140 tonnes of ContourCrete® were deposited layer-by layer, at an average rate of 1.3 tonnes per hour.

Key Highlights

The unique nature of this 3D-printed concrete substrate, the very first of its kind in the country, demanded a coating system that delivered a unique technical solution. The Dulux Acratex team were engaged as the technical experts, providing the technical team, specifications and service to ensure the masonry coatings could successfully:

1. Manage moisture for optimal concrete curing.

2. Provide robust, long-term asset protection.

3. Aesthetically complement the unique horizontal texture created by the 3D extrusion process.

Dulux Acratex's Technical Specification

Partnering with the team at Contour3D, the Acratex technical and commercial teams used their in-depth knowledge and experience in masonry protection, masonry coating systems, and cementitious substrates, to create a multi-stage coating system delivering long-term performance and protection for the structure's integrity:

1. Initial Sealing (Concrete Curing Agent): To manage the complex hydration process, a Concrete Curing Agent was spray applied immediately to the outer surface of the concrete as the walls were being extruded. This step was vital to ensure the mixture did not dry out prematurely, thereby aiding the controlled curing process.

2. Primer Application: Following the curing period, the surface was primed with Dulux Acratex Green Render Sealer, applied via spraying. As specialists in masonry coatings, we selected GRS because this water-based sealer is specifically designed for the preparation of "green" masonry surfaces.

It provides multiple benefits:

  • It minimises efflorescence and fast-tracks coating schedules by sealing the underlying masonry.

  • It creates an evenly porous surface for the application of subsequent coats, ensuring optimal adhesion and finish quality.

3. Topcoat Specification: AcraSkin was chosen as the ultimate protective topcoat, providing the required high-performance characteristics:

  • High Film Build: AcraSkin was chosen specifically for its high film build (300 micron dry film thickness – DFT - in two coats).

  • Protection and Durability: As a high-performance elastomeric membrane, AcraSkin delivers weatherproofing and is optimised for crack bridging protection, accommodating masonry crack movement of up to 2.7mm at 300 microns DFT (9.3 x Dry Film Thickness).

  • Aesthetic Finish: AcraSkin was sprayed both inside and out. This technique enabled the team to achieve the required film build and protection with a uniform finish, ensuring the coating complimented the appearance of the textured extrusion.

Aesthetic and Performance Outcomes

The coating system specified by Dulux Acratex successfully met every requirement for this pioneering project, providing long-term value:

• Aesthetic Preservation: The simple system required no render or texture. Spraying the topcoat complimented the texture of the extrusion, ensuring a uniform finish while preserving the appearance of the textured substrate.

• Performance:The application of Green Render Sealer followed by AcraSkin provides long-term protection against cracking and subsequent moisture ingress, a critical factor for the highly dense 3D-printed concrete.

• Energy Efficiency:The integrity of the total coating system contributed to the structure achieving a high 7.9 star energy rating.

Gallery

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Products specified

James Hardie Wall Cladding Oblique
Upstairs Interior Walls
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